[1]
صَدَقَ , (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor.
صَدُقَ , (M, TA,)
inf. n.
صِدْقٌ (S, * M, O, * Msb, K, TA) and
صَدْقٌ,
(M, K,) the former of which is the more chaste,
(TA,) or the latter is an inf. n. and the former is
a simple subst., (K,) and
تَصْدَاقٌ (M) and
مَصْدُوقَةٌ,
(O, K, TA,) which is one of the [few] inf. ns. of
the measure
مَفْعُولَةٌ, (O, TA,) [or a fem. pass.
part. n. used as an inf. n. like as is said of its contr.
مَكْذُوبَةٌ,]
he spoke, said, uttered, or
told, truth,
or
truly, or
veraciously; contr. of كَذَبَ: (Msb:
[and in like manner it is said in the S and M and
O and K that
صِدْقٌ is the
contr. of كَذِبٌ:]) Er-Rághib says that
صِدْقٌ and
كَذِبٌ are primarily
in what is said, whether relating to the past or to
the future, and [in the latter case] whether it be a
promise or other than a promise; and only in
what is said in the way of information: but sometimes they are in other modes of speech, such as
asking a question, and commanding, and supplicating; as when one says, “ Is Zeyd in the
house? ” for this implies information of his being
ignorant of the state of Zeyd; and when one says,
“ Make me to share with thee, or to be equal with
thee, ” for this implies his requiring to be made to
share with the other, or to be made equal with
him; and when one says, “ Do not thou hurt
me, ” for this implies that the other is hurting
him:
صِدْقٌ, he says, is [by implication] the
agreeing of what is said with what is conceived in
the mind and with the thing told of, together;
otherwise it is not complete
صِدْق, but may be
described either as
صِدْق or sometimes as
صِدْق and
sometimes as
كَذِب according to two different
points of view; as when one says without believing it, “ Mohammad is the Apostle of God, ”
for this may be termed
صِدْق because what is told
is such, and it may be termed
كَذِب because it
is at variance with what the speaker conceives in
his mind. (TA.) One says,
صَدَقَ فِى الحَدِيثِ
[
He spoke truth in the information, or
narration].
(S, O, K.) And
صَدَقَهُ i. e.
He told him, or
informed him, with truth, or
veracity, (AHeyth, *
M, Msb, *)
فِى القَوْلِ [
in the saying]; for it is
trans. as well as intrans. (Msb.) And
صَدَقَهُ
الحَدِيثَ (S, O, K, in the CK [erroneously]
صَدَّقَ
فُلانًا الحَدِيثَ)
He told him with truth, or
veracity,
the information, or
narration; for it is sometimes
doubly trans. (TA.) And
صَدَقَنِى سِنَّ بَكْرِهِ [
He
hath told me truly the age, or
as to the age, of his
youthful camel; or
صَدَقَنِى سِنُّ بَكْرِهِ the age of
his youthful camel has spoken truly to me]: (S,
O, K:) a prov., (S, O,) expl. in art.
بكر [q. v.].
(K.) And
فُلَانٌ لَا يَصْدُقُ أَثَرُهُ and
أَثَرَهُ, meaning
Such a one, when asked,
will not tell truly whence
he comes. (M.) And
صَدَقَتْ يَمِينُهُ His oath was,
or
proved, true. (Msb in art.
بت.)
صَدَقْتُ ٱللّٰهَ
حَدِيثًا إِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ كَذَا is an oath of the Arabs,
meaning
لَا صَدَقْتُ الخ [
May I not utter truly to
God a saying, i. e.
may I not speak truth to God,
if I do not such a thing]. (AHeyth, O, K.) One
says also,
صَدَقَهُ النَّصِيحَةَ, and
الإِخَآءَ,
He rendered
to him truly, or
sincerely, good advice, and
brotherly affection. (M.) And
صَدَ قُوهُمُ القِتَالَ
(S, M, K, * TA) [
They gave them battle earnestly,
not with a false show of bravery; as is implied
in the S, and M, and K; i. e.]
they advanced
against them boldly in fight: (M, TA:) and in
like manner,
صَدَقُوا فِى القِتَالِ they advanced
boldly in fight: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the
former means
they gave them battle so as to fulfil
their duty: and hence, in the Kur [xxxiii. 23],
رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا ٱللّٰهَ عَلَيْهِ,
Men who fulfilled
the covenant that they had made with God. (TA.)
And
صَدَقَ اللِّقَآءَ, inf. n.
صِدْقٌ,
He was firm, or
steady, in encounter, or
conflict. (M, TA.) And
صَدَقَ ظَنِّى My opinion was, or
proved, true, or
correct, like as one says [in the contrary case],
كَذَبَ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) whence, in the Kur
[xxxiv. 19],
وَلَقَدْ صَدَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنَّهُ, meaning
فِى ظَنِّهِ [i. e.
And assuredly Iblees was, or
proved to be, correct in his opinion that he had
formed
against them]: but some read ↓
صَدَّقَ,
meaning, as Fr says,
حَقَّقَ [i. e. Iblees
proved, or
found, to be true, his opinion &c.]. (TA.) And
صَدَقَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ His soul [
told him truth; meaning,]
diverted him, or
hindered him, or
held him back,
from an undertaking, causing him to imagine
himself unable to prosecute it. (TA in art.
كذب.)
And
صَدَقَ الصُّبْحُ [
The dawn shone clearly]. (S in
art.
سقط.) [And one says of a word or the like,
يَصْدُقُ عَلَى كَذَا, meaning
It applies correctly to
such a thing.] ―
2-b2-
صَدَقَ الوَحْشِىُّ: see 2, near the
end.